How to Install a Desktop Environment/GUI in Ubuntu Server

Ubuntu Server is built for speed, stability, and low overhead—no graphical interface by default. That’s great for many situations, but sometimes you need a GUI for convenience or specific applications.

In this quick guide, I’ll show you how to install a desktop environment on Ubuntu Server, step by step.

Before You Start: Need Help Installing Ubuntu Server?

If you haven’t installed Ubuntu Server yet, check out these step-by-step guides:

Once your server is up and running, come back here for the desktop environment setup.

Why Add a GUI to Ubuntu Server?

Easier navigation for those who aren’t command-line wizards
Run graphical apps for testing or development
Remote desktop access with tools like VNC or RDP

Just remember: a GUI uses more resources. If you’re running a lightweight server or care about performance, keep that in mind.

Step 1: Update Your Server

Before you do anything, make sure your server is up to date.

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

Step 2: Choose Your Desktop Environment

Ubuntu supports many desktop environments. Here are the most common:

GNOME: Default on Ubuntu Desktop. Slick, modern, but heavier on resources.
XFCE: Lightweight, fast, good for servers or older machines.
MATE: Similar to the old GNOME 2, lightweight, and stable.

Pick one. Here’s how to install each.

Step 3: Install the Desktop Environment

Install GNOME (Default Ubuntu Desktop)

sudo apt install ubuntu-desktop

Install XFCE (Lightweight)

sudo apt install xubuntu-desktop

Install MATE

sudo apt install ubuntu-mate-desktop

Each command will take a while and may prompt you about display managers. If you’re unsure, select gdm3 (for GNOME) or lightdm (for XFCE/MATE).

Step 4: Reboot and Log In

After installation, reboot your server:

sudo reboot

When the system comes back up, you should see a graphical login screen. Log in and you’re ready to go.

Step 5 (Optional): Install a Remote Desktop Tool

If your server doesn’t have a monitor, you’ll want remote desktop access.

Install XRDP

sudo apt install xrdp
sudo systemctl enable xrdp
sudo systemctl start xrdp

You can now use Windows’ Remote Desktop or another RDP client to connect.

How to Remove the GUI (If Needed)

Changed your mind? You can uninstall the desktop environment:

sudo apt remove ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt autoremove

Replace ubuntu-desktop with xubuntu-desktop or ubuntu-mate-desktop if you installed XFCE or MATE.

Wrapping Up

Installing a desktop environment on Ubuntu Server is straightforward. Just remember the trade-offs—GUIs use extra RAM and CPU. For some, that’s worth the convenience. For others, sticking with the terminal is best.

Got questions or need help troubleshooting? Drop a comment below!

Mark Vincent

Tech enthusiast and content creator passionate about making technology simple for everyone. I share practical tips, guides, and reviews on the latest in computers, software, and gadgets. Let’s explore the digital world together!